other These additions routinely confirm Aristotle’s description of Euripides as “the most tragic of all poets”: as if fratricide isn’t a subject tragic enough for a dramatic treatment in itself, Euripides adds not only another immensely tragic element to the plot (a living mother committing suicide over her sons’ dead bodies), but also a fairly unrelated subplot dealing with self-sacrifice as well. Creon orders everybody to cease their lamentations and makes three important proclamations. The two represent the lowest kind of love, one that can barely be considered as such: self-love. They both were called by God – one by the great king of the land; the other by seeking the Healer. After reexplaining his situation, Polyneices insists that justice is on his side, since, per the agreement between the brothers, he willingly left Thebes and allowed Eteocles to rule the country for one full year, on condition that he should then take up the rule in turn. “If you have any power or subtle speech or charmed spell,” the Messenger brings his speech to a close, “go, restrain your children from this terrible combat, for great is the risk they run. CHORUS OF PHOENICIAN MAIDENS POLYNEICES, exiled son of OEDIPUS ETEOCLES, now King of Thebes; son of OEDIPUS CREON, brother of JOCASTA TEIRESIAS, a blind prophet MENOECEUS, son of CREON FIRST MESSENGER SECOND MESSENGER OEDIPUS, formerly King of Thebes Scene Before the royal palace of … Complete summary of Euripides' The Phoenician Women. First, that Eteocles has left him to rule the land by giving the kingdom as dowry to his young son, Haemon, as part of his future marriage to Antigone. Just then, Antigone and her Tutor appear on the roof of the palace. “The Phoenician Women” (Gr: “Phoinissai” ; Lat: “Phoenissae” ) is a tragedy by the ancient Greek playwright Euripides. “Whether the sword or strife or your father that is to blame,” she says, “or heaven's visitation that has burst riotously upon the house of Oedipus—on me has come all the anguish of these evils!” A dialogue ensues between Jocasta and Polyneices, during which the son reveals to his mother the things he had to go through in exile. A prolific writer, he translated and annotated the tragedies of Euripides (The Phoenician Women, Hecuba, Hippolytus, and Medea), but he became known chiefly for the sake of his own verse dramas, with which he wanted to create a romantic Greek theatre, taking as his example Shakespeare, Greek mythology, and Greek … Apr 03, 2021. They cut short their lamentations once they see Creon coming their way “with clouded brow.”. Phoenician Women, Greek Phoinissai, minor drama by Euripides, performed about 409 bce. He also tells her of the oracle that brought him to Argos, his happy marriage, and Adrastus’ oath that helped him persuade the Argive army to come with him to Thebes. See Also: Oedipus at Colonus, Oedipus Rex, Seven Against Thebes, Euripides. Antigone’s dirge over the three corpses is interrupted by the sudden appearance of Oedipus, who cannot believe that his curses have claimed the life of his mother/wife as well. For the very same reason, Creon—unlike, say, Agamemnon in the case of Iphigenia—prefers to smuggle his son away from Troy rather than sacrifice him to save his community. When Eteocles refuses to yield power, Polyneices brings an army to attack the city. Second, that in accordance with Teiresias’ prophecies, Oedipus must be exiled from Thebes so that the city has any chance to prosper.And finally, that Polyneices must not be buried and that “whoever is caught decking his corpse with wreaths or giving it burial, shall be requited with death.” Antigone defies Creon’s orders. If you recall in Oedipus after he learns his wife Jocasta is also his mother, Jocasta hangs herself and Oedipus blinds himself and goes into exile led around by his daughters … countries. The Syrophoenician Woman. Jocasta and Creon represent a higher form of love: filial love. Iconic in nature, unrivaled in service. Both were outsiders of … We now turn our attention to the crowd of women noticed by Antigone’s Tutor. After Eteocles leaves, following his orders Creon meets with the blind Theban seer, Teiresias, while in the company of his own son Menoeceus. But it belongs to you, mother, to dissolve this unhappy feud, and, by reconciling loving brothers, to end the trouble for me and you and the whole city.”. Euripides V: Electra, The Phoenician Women, The Bacchae (The Complete Greek Tragedies) (Vol 5) by Euripides and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.com. Not only that, they were foreigners. Euripides left for Macedonia soon after the production of Orestes in 408 BC, so we can be certain that the play must have been produced before that, and at least a year after 412 BC, since an ancient scholiast wonders, on the margins of the 53rd verse in Aristophanes’ Frogs, why the great comedian chose to mention Andromeda in his play and not a “more recent” tragedy by Euripides, such as Hypsipyle, Antiope, or Phoenician Women; we know for a fact that the now-lost Andromeda was part of a trilogy that included Helen and was first performed in 412 BC. GreekMythology.com, The Editors of Website. college projects, free online courses) as long as you. Deeming this too great a price to pay, Creon immediately starts making another plan—that of sending his son away from Thebes. Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek … Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Written by: The Editors of GreekMythology.com. During the discussion of the two, we learn the names of the Seven leaders of the Argive army attempting to conquer Thebes: Tydeus, Capaneus, Adrastus, Hippomedon, Parthenopeus, Amphiaraus, and Polynices himself. They both lived in the same land of great wealth and insidious pagan idol worship. The nude figures which are found abundantly in the Phoenician remains 14 are figures of goddesses, especially of Astarte, who were considered not to need the ornament, or the concealment of dress. For MLA style citation use: GreekMythology.com, The Editors of Website. She informs us that a year or so before the events told in the play, the brothers imprisoned Oedipus within his palace so that his deeds might be forgotten, but Oedipus cursed them to divide the city with blood and sword. This is a diverse, many-charactered play whose original version has been tampered with. 15:22-28; b MARK 7:24-30. b And he entered into a house, and would have no man know it [Jesus sought concealment for the … However, once the first year passed, Eteocles refused to abdicate his power, so Polyneices went to Argos, married into the family of Adrastus, and gathered a large Argive army in an attempt to take back what he deems was rightfully his. The women tell him that Jocasta and Antigone have gone to the battlefield to stop Eteocles and Polyneices from killing each other. The episode of Jesus’ encounter with the Syrophoenician woman in Mark 7.24–30 often brings readers up short, containing as it does what appears to be a rather shocking insult. Euripides IV contains the plays “Helen,” translated by Richmond Lattimore; “The Phoenician Women,” translated by Elizabeth Wyckoff; and “Orestes,” translated by William Arrowsmith. Greek Tragedy in New Translations Here, Peter Burian and Brian Swann recreate Euripides' The Phoenician Women, a play about the fateful history of the House of Laios following the tragic fall of Oedipus, King of Thebes. There are many translations of The Phoenician Women available online, both in verse and in prose; if you are a fan of the latter, you can read E. P. Coleridge’s translation for Loeb Classical Library here. In the third Stasimon, the Phoenician women continue their story of Thebes, this time singing of the Sphinx and Oedipus, as the one-time savior of the city. "The Phoenician Women ". Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. “Then hear the intent of my oracle,” replies Teiresias. My son has died for his country, bringing glory to his name, but grievous woe to me!” Creon interrupts his wailing to ask the Chorus for Jocasta’s whereabouts: he needs her to bathe his child’s corpse and lay it out. GreekMythology.com While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. "The Phoenician Women ." The Phoenician Women (Ancient Greek: Φοίνισσαι, Phoinissai) is a tragedy by Euripides, based on the same story as Aeschylus' play Seven Against Thebes.The title refers to the Greek chorus, which is composed of Phoenician women on their way to Delphi who are trapped in Thebes by the war. The play is set at Thebes and concerns the battle between the two sons of Oedipus over control of the city. logo Am I to mourn with tears myself or my city? The Phoenician Women by Euripides is a sort of mash-up of Seven Against Thebes and Antigone and it messes around with the timeline of events. trademarks of Google Inc. GreekMythology.com © Copyright 1997-2021. Creon insists to know and declines to shelter his son from the prophet’s divinations. The Phoenician Boutique is based out of Hutchinson, Ks. Affected by his fate, from the inside of his cell, he repeatedly “makes the most unholy curses against his sons, praying that they may divide the house with a sharp sword.” Afraid that the gods might answer his prayers, a year before the beginning of the play, Eteocles and Polyneices made an agreement to change places on the throne every year. “Phoenissae” (“The Phoenician Women”) is a (possibly incomplete) tragedy by the Roman playwright Seneca the Younger, probably written between about 62 and 65 CE. Jesus is seeking to withdraw from public attention, needing some time for rest and recuperation, but (as characteristic of his portayal in Mark’s … And she started asking him to drive the demon out of her daughter. Enter the chorus of Phoenician Women. This anthology volume of Euripides V includes the drama & play Electra, the Greek tragedy The Phoenician Women, and the posthumously produced Greek tragedy The Bacchae. Peter Burian and Brian Swann re-create Euripides' The Phoenician Women, a controversial play about the fateful history of the house of Laios following the tragic fall of Oedipus, King of Thebes. A messenger arrives and brings news of the demise of the enemy leaders at six of the Seven Gates of Thebes and informs Jocasta that the winner of the war will be decided in a single combat between the two brothers at the seventh gate. GreekMythology.com editors write, review and revise subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge Teiresias reveals to Creon that no plan would ever save Thebes unless Menoeceus is sacrificed to Ares, the god of the war. Though she knows that Eteocles is wrong to have kept the crown past his allotted year, and Polyneices is wrong to have attacked his own city with a foreign army, Jocasta loves both of them equally because they share her blood. Soon after, Eteocles meets his faithful advisor Creon, Jocasta’s brother, and, using some information taken from an Argive prisoner, the two plot the defense of Thebes. https://www.greekmythology.com/Plays/Euripides/The_Phoenician_Women_/the_phoenician_women_.html. 38 reviews. Creon tells him that he has been ordered by Eteocles to inquire of him “the best course to save the city.” Teiresias replies that it is only because of Creon he will answer the question; if Eteocles had asked him the same, he would have never answered because the best course was always “to prevent any child of Oedipus becoming either citizen or king in this land, since they are possessed and would overthrow the city.” There is another way, he adds, but refrains from sharing it with Creon, telling him bluntly that as much as he wants to save his country now, he would want the opposite once he learns how he can do that. The Phoenician Women . Adding to the impressive Greek Tragedy in New Translations series, this translation displays the cohesion and rigid organization of … This narrative sharply contrasts with the usual form of New Testament short stories, which highlight one … However, Menoeceus—who represents the highest form of love: altruistic love—decides to put the needs of his larger community before his very own life: through his self-sacrifice, he not only saves Thebes, but also, to a certain extent, counterbalances the effects of Eteocles and Polyneices’ self-love. https://www.greekmythology.com/Plays/Euripides/The_Phoenician_Women_/the_phoenician_women_.html. The two brothers eventually kill each The Phoenician Women : GreekMythology.com - The Thebans are winning, he reveals, but unfortunately, Jocasta’s two sons have decided to fight one-on-one for the throne. “A friend's pain is shared,” they sing, “and if this land with its seven towers suffers any mischance, Phoenicia's realm will share it.”, Polyneices overhears the Phoenician women and asks them some more about their mission. Menoeceus, however, has plans of his own and, as soon as he is left alone, commits suicide in an attempt to save his city. Upon hearing them out, Jocasta reprimands both her sons—Eteocles for his ambition, Polyneices for allying with foreigners—and makes a strong case for justice and equality. Hoping that war might still be avoided, Jocasta tries to reconcile her two sons; unfortunately, she is unsuccessful. Please They ask the gods for help and express hope that Thebes will be spared from destruction. Thebes, at the time of the invasion by the Seven. Capture the moment as well as the imagination at Arizona’s premier luxury resort destination. They are dressed in foreign clothes and, while they say they are slaves, they are not slaves of war but free women, who were chosen to serve in the temple of Apollo. Now that an attack on Thebes becomes more than inevitable, in the first stasimon, the Phoenician women recount the story of Cadmus and the Spartoi, an event that led to the city’s miraculous foundation. They, nevertheless, do: adamant that they can never be reconciled except upon their own terms, Polyneices and Eteocles split after a harsh exchange which leaves no room for hope that the war may be averted. GreekMythology.com He was unique among the writers of ancient & medieval Athens for the sympathy he demonstrated towards all victims of society, including women. They identify themselves as foreign visitors on their journey from Phoenicia to Delphi and as specially chosen servants of Apollo. https://www.greekmythology.com/Plays/Euripides/The_Phoenician_Women_/the_phoenician_women_.html. Why would they choose the former? “In days gone by the sons of heaven came to the wedding of Harmonia,” they sing, “and the walls and towers of Thebes rose to the sound of Amphion's lyre…”, Led by his daughter and Creon’s son Menoeceus, the blind seer Teiresias enters and demands to know the reason why he has been fetched to the palace. Their lively translation of this controversial play reveals the cohesion and taut organization of a complex … Now, Polyneices wants revenge and, after gathering a huge army from Argos, he has just arrived to besiege his own city. In the first part of the prologue, Jocasta, the queen of Thebes, summarizes the story of her son/husband Oedipus and its aftermath. The Chorus bursts into a lament, and during it, Antigone enters, followed by servants bearing the bodies of Jocasta and her two sons. Omissions? (Region of Tyre and Sidon.) According to both accounts, Jesus exorcised the … Phoenician Women was one of the most favored plays amongst cultivated public in the Greek and Roman world, as documented by ancient writers such as Plutarch, Lucian, or Athenaeus. "The Phoenician Women ". Persistence pays. Euripides IV contains the plays “Helen,” translated by Richmond Lattimore; “The Phoenician Women,” translated by Elizabeth Wyckoff; and “Orestes,” translated by William Arrowsmith. https://www.greekmythology.com/Plays/Euripides/The_Phoenician_Women_/the_phoenician_women_.html. The Phoenicians are Canaanites, classified as Western Asians, where we can also find the Amorites, a group with whom they were closely related, in terms of both culture and ethnic composition.Canaanites, Phoenicians and Punics: people of this ethnic and cultural group called themselves Canaanites, the Greeks called them Phoenicians and the … Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Creon can barely express his surprise at the news when a second Messenger arrives before the palace and brings some terrible news: not only Eteocles and Polyneices have murdered each other, but Jocasta, overcome with grief, has committed suicide over the corpses of her sons as well! The Syrophoenician Woman is a unique figure in the gospels, because she successfully challenges Jesus and he commends her for it ( Mark 7:24-30 ). You can freely use the content on this page for non-commercial reasons (homework, lessons, school essays or After going over the better-known parts of the legend—Oedipus killing his father Laius, then guessing the Sphinx’ riddle, then marrying his mother in ignorance and fathering with her four children: Eteocles, Polyneices, Antigone, and Ismene—Jocasta reveals that, once the story was made known, Eteocles and Polyneices “hid their father behind bars, so that his misfortune… might be forgotten.” In other words, Oedipus is still alive and is imprisoned the building that was once his palace. Accessed 03 April 2021. The editors are David Grene (who translated and provided the Introduction to "The History" by … Jocasta takes Antigone and the two rush to prevent the worst, but later on, a second messenger reveals that not only the brothers had killed each other, but also that Jocasta has killed herself over their bodies. “You must sacrifice Menoeceus, your son here, for your country, since you yourself are calling on fate.” True to Teiresias’ expectations, Creon immediately renounces his city and begs Teiresias to tell nobody his news. eNotes plot summaries cover all the significant action of The Phoenician Women. Accessed 03 April 2021. GreekMythology.com The woman was a Greek, by race a Phoenician from Syria. Peter Burian and Brian Swann recreate Euripides' The Phoenician Women which explores, with all its deeply disturbing ironies, the fateful history of the House of Laios following the tragic fall of Oedipus, King of … App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc. Android, Google Play and the Google Play “What are we to do then?” asks Eteocles. Polyneices overhears the Phoenician women and asks them some … As soon as he reveals his identity before them, his mother, Jocasta, exits the palace and, upon seeing Polyneices, bursts into an emotional monologue teeming with rhetorical questions and painful regrets. a MATT. The play begins with Jocasta, not dead and disturbingly calm and informative about the incestuous background. GreekMythology.com Unlike some of Euripides' other … This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Phoenician-Women, Washington State University - The Phoenician Women, The Internet Classics Archive - The Phoenissae. The Syrophoenician Woman by Claudia Setzer. Although no fixed date is given by ancient sources, The Phoenician Women was almost certainly first performed at the City Dionysia between 411 BC and 409 BC. The title refers to the Greek chorus, which is composed of Phoenician women on their way to Delphi who are trapped in Thebes by the war. Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek tragedies that would be the … Adding to the impressive Greek Tragedy in New Translations series, this translation displays the cohesion and rigid organization of … However, they also reveal that they share some remote ancestral ties with Thebes. First performed sometime between 411 and 409 BC, Euripides’ late play The Phoenician Women is based on the same story as Aeschylus’ early tragedy, Seven Against Thebes. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The play is set at Thebes and concerns the battle between the two sons of Oedipus over control of the city. Tutor answers them all plan—that of sending his son away from Thebes ' other … healing Phoenician! 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